Case study Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Case study Analysis - Essay Example This approach is associated with mass production, in which goods are produced and stored in warehouses and stocked by suppliers with the anticipation of increased prices. The first major difference between BTO and BTS is the specialization. Derived from the definition, BTO is founded on the needs of the customer, meaning that the products are developed to suit individual customer wants. Following the consumer placing an order with included specializations, the manufacturer engages in the production of the placed request. In BTS, the customer has little influence over the manufacture as well as specialization of the product. The product is developed to meet the market demand, and specialization of the product design is within manufacturers. BTO is more suited to individual needs and has a higher production cost footed by the consumer while BTS is more focused towards mass production thereby lowering the production cost. Inventory demand is different for both BTS and BTO approaches. The inventory in the BTO case is eliminated via committing the consumer to a product as opposed to accumulation of inventory by the BTS approach. The consumer has their product developed as per specifications provided in the BTO approach, meaning that the materials used are specific to the placed order. In addition, the inventory of the producer is comprised of partially and wholly sold products. BTS concentrates on increasing the amount of inventory, with the intention of meeting the demand in the market, and often engage in a lot of marketing and promotions to ensure the sale of the products. The market is faced with a low supply where BTO is involved, meaning that the customer cannot walk into a store and acquire a product immediately. Since orders are taken individually and filled to meet the customer’s needs, there is no product readily available for a free market. This concept may mean a loss in profits and employment as well

Machiavelli on Powers of NSA and Defense Spending Research Paper

Machiavelli on Powers of NSA and Defense Spending - Research Paper Example The growing security concerns in the country are arguable and justifiably especially following the events of 9/11. The relativity of the organization’s spending is admissible by the dictates of such iconic think tanks as the Italian Niccolo di Bernardo dei Machiavelli as the discussion below portrays. Niccolo di Bernardo dei Machiavelli was an early Italian politician, philosopher, and diplomat. Machiavelli influenced modern day politics with most historians acknowledging his ideas as the basis for contemporary politics. Among his major contributions was the political ethics which is a concept that explains the conduct of politicians and the policies they enact. The philosopher developed a concept known as Machiavellianism which is a negative term referring to unscrupulous politicians. Such politicians foster their own ambitions while disregarding the desires of the electorate who Machiavelli explains wield the power owing to their fundamental role of electing the leaders. Dem ocracy is a form of governance through which the population elects representatives who rule on their behalf. In a democratic society, the electorate constitutes a fundamental piece of the society and plays an integral role in the governance of the society. The political ideology arises from the social contract theory which posits that since not everyone can rule, the society elects few people with desirable qualities to lead them for a particular period. Within the period, the leaders make decisions through policies. However, in doing so, the leaders must safeguard the desires of the people. This implies that the leaders must maintain an interactive relationship with the electorate in order to determine the wishes of the people. The policies the leaders formulate and enact must represent the desires of the people and uphold humanity. In his work, The Prince, Machiavelli investigates the creation of democratic institutions and the conduct of politicians at the time (Althusser & Mathe ron, 2000). As a philosopher, Machiavelli explains that elected leaders, unlike in dynasties, must possess desirable qualities and sustain their conduct. In doing so, political leaders must exhibit humility and understanding of the issues facing their electorate. By considering such, the policies the leaders formulate and enact will reflect the desires of the people (Cunningham, Rogers & United States, 2005). Constant consultation between the electorate and the leadership is essential in the representation process as the leaders must always enact policies that uphold the freedoms of the people. Among the issues that Machiavelli contends that is essential in the development of free and fair societies is security. The leaders must sustain the security of their societies. Machiavelli explains that the security of the society is priceless and important to the electorate. The contract between the society and the leaders as explained in the social contract theory centers on creation of sa fe and secure societies. A country must employ its every resources in ensuring that its boarders are safe and free from foreign interference. Machiavelli’s doctrines and philosophies can help explain some of if his possible thoughts on the structure of modern society and the functions and powers of some of the state agencies.